Sunday, March 23, 2014 - Litany Lane Blog:
Prejudice, Psalms 95, Exodus 17:3-7, John 4:5-42, Pope Francis Daily, Saint Turibius of Mogrovejo, Kingdom of Leon, Basilica Cethedral of Lima, Chiclayo Peru, Catholic Catechism Part Three: Life in Christ Section Two: The Ten Commandment Chapter Two: Fourth Commandment Article 4:4 The Family and the Kingdom
P.U.S.H. (Pray Until Serenity Happens). It has a remarkable way of producing solace, peace, patience and tranquility and of course resolution...God's always available 24/7.
The world begins and ends everyday for someone. We are all human. We all experience birth, life and death. We all have
flaws but we also all have the gift of knowledge, reason and free will,
make the most of these gifts. Life on earth is a stepping stone to our eternal home in
Heaven. The Seven Gifts of
the Holy Spirit: wisdom, understanding, wonder and awe (fear of the
Lord) , counsel, knowledge, fortitude, and piety (reverence) and shun
the seven Deadly sins: wrath, greed, sloth, pride, lust, envy, and
gluttony...Its your choice whether to embrace the Gifts of the Holy Spirit rising towards eternal light or succumb to the Seven deadly sins and lost to
eternal darkness. Material items, though needed for sustenance and
survival on earth are of earthly value only. The only thing that passes
from this earth to the Darkness, Purgatory or Heaven is our Soul...it's God's perpetual
gift to us...Embrace it, treasure it, nurture it, protect it...~ Zarya Parx 2013
"Raise not a hand to another unless it is to offer in peace and goodwill." ~ Zarya Parx 2012
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Prayers for Today: Sunday in Lent
Rosary - Glorious Mysteries
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Papam Franciscus
(Pope Francis)
Pope Francis March 23 Daily:
"Jesus changes our life, forever..."
(2014-03-23 Vatican Radio)
Pope Francis on Sunday urged his listeners not to be afraid, judgmental or prejudiced, the Lord’s mercy – he said – is far greater than any prejudice.
Speaking to some 40,000 people gathered in St. Peter’s Square for the Sunday Angelus, the Pope reflected on the reading from John that tells of the encounter between Jesus and the Samaritan woman at the well.
“When a Samaritan woman came to draw water, Jesus said to her, ‘Will you give me a drink?’ In this way – the Pope explained – he cut across the barriers of hostility that existed between Jews and Samaritans, crushing the prejudice that existed in relating to women.
The Pope said that Jesus’ simple request signals the beginning of an open dialogue, through which, with great delicacy, He entered the interior world of a person to whom, according to social convention, He should not even have spoken to.
“But this is exactly what Jesus does! Jesus is not afraid. When Jesus sees a person he goes towards that person because he is filled with love. He loves all of us. He does not stop before anyone because of prejudice” he said.
And Francis explained that Jesus does not judge, but acknowledges each person making him or her feel considered and recognized, and stimulating in that person the wish to go beyond their daily ‘routine’.
He explained that the thirst Jesus speaks of is not so much a thirst for water, but the with to quench the thirst of an arid soul. Jesus – Francis said – needs to meet the Samaritan woman to open up her heart: he asks her for a drink to highlight her own thirst. The woman – he pointed out - was touched by this meeting and asks Jesus some deep questions that each of us harbor, but often ignore.
“We too have many questions that we would like to ask, but we lack the courage to turn to Jesus!” the Pope said.
“Lent is the right time to look inside ourselves, allow our deep spiritual needs to come to the surface, and to ask the Lord for help in prayer” he said.
“The example of the Samaritan woman invites us to say: Jesus, give me that water that will quench me in eternity” he said.
And Pope Francis said the Gospel tells of Jesus’ disciples’ amazement when they discovered that their Master had spoken to that woman. But – he said - the Lord is greater than prejudice, that’s why he was not afraid to speak to the Samaritan: mercy is greater than prejudice, and Jesus – the Pope said – is very merciful.
The result of that meeting at the well – Pope Francis continued – “was that the woman was transformed: leaving her water jar, the woman went back to the town and told the people of her meeting with a man ‘who told me everything I ever did. Could this be the Messiah?’ She was so happy. She had gone to the well to draw water and she found the living water, the spring of living water welling up to eternal life. She ran to the village which had always judged condemned and rejected her and announced that she had encountered the Messiah who had changed her life” he said.
And, Pope Francis said: “each encounter with Jesus changes our life, forever”.
In this Gospel reading – the Pope explained – “we too can find the stimulus to ‘leave our water jar’, the symbol of all that appears to be important, but that loses its value before ‘the love of God’. We all have one, or more than one! I ask you, and I ask myself: ‘what is your water jar, the one that weighs you down and takes you far from God?’ Let’s leave it aside and with our hearts listen to the voice of Jesus who is offering us another kind of water, the water that brings us close to the Lord” he said.
Pope Francis concluded inviting the faithful to rediscover the importance and the sense of our Christian life, and just as the Samaritan woman did, bear witness of if to our brothers. Bear witness to the joy stemming from our encounter with Jesus.
After the recitation of the Angelus prayer, Pope Francis pointed out that on Monday we mark “World Tuberculosis Day” and asked for prayers for all those who are affected by the disease and for those who, in different ways, sustain them.
And the Pope also mentioned an event that will be taking place next Friday and Saturday in parishes and dioceses across the world, called “24 hours for the Lord” during which the faithful are called to focus on penitence.
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Liturgical Celebrations to be presided over by Pope: Winter
Vatican City, Winter 2014 (VIS)
Victimized Children. That children who are victims of abandonment or violence may find the love and protection they need.
Reference:
- Vatican News. From the Pope. © Copyright 2014 - Libreria Editrice Vaticana. Accessed 03/23/2014.
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November 2, 2013 Our Lady of Medjugorje Message to the World: "Dear children; Anew, in a motherly way, I am calling you to love; to
continually pray for the gift of love; to love the Heavenly Father above
everything. When you love Him you will love yourself and your neighbor.
This cannot be separated. The Heavenly Father is in each person. He
loves each person and calls each person by his name. Therefore, my
children, through prayer hearken to the will of the Heavenly Father.
Converse with Him. Have a personal relationship with the Father which
will deepen even more your relationship as a community of my children –
of my apostles. As a mother I desire that, through the love for the
Heavenly Father, you may be raised above earthly vanities and may help
others to gradually come to know and come closer to the Heavenly Father.
My children, pray, pray, pray for the gift of love because 'love' is my
Son. Pray for your shepherds that they may always have love for you as
my Son had and showed by giving His life for your salvation. Thank you."
October 25, 2013 Our Lady of Medjugorje Message to the World: “Dear children! Today I call you to open yourselves to prayer. Prayer works miracles in you and through you. Therefore, little children, in the simplicity of heart seek of the Most High to give you the strength to be God’s children and for Satan not to shake you like the wind shakes the branches. Little children, decide for God anew and seek only His will – and then you will find joy and peace in Him. Thank you for having responded to my call.”
October 2, 2013 Our Lady of Medjugorje Message to the World: "Dear children, I love you with a motherly love and with a motherly patience I wait for your love and unity. I pray that you may be a community of God’s children, of my children. I pray that as a community you may joyfully come back to life in the faith and in the love of my Son. My children, I am gathering you as my apostles and am teaching you how to bring others to come to know the love of my Son; how to bring to them the Good News, which is my Son. Give me your open, purified hearts and I will fill them with the love for my Son. His love will give meaning to your life and I will walk with you. I will be with you until the meeting with the Heavenly Father. My children, it is those who walk towards the Heavenly Father with love and faith who will be saved. Do not be afraid, I am with you. Put your trust in your shepherds as my Son trusted when he chose them, and pray that they may have the strength and the love to lead you. Thank you." - See more at: http://litanylane.blogspot.com/2013/11/tuesday-november-12-2013-litany-lane.html#sthash.1QAVruYo.bk3E9rXR.dpuf
October 25, 2013 Our Lady of Medjugorje Message to the World: “Dear children! Today I call you to open yourselves to prayer. Prayer works miracles in you and through you. Therefore, little children, in the simplicity of heart seek of the Most High to give you the strength to be God’s children and for Satan not to shake you like the wind shakes the branches. Little children, decide for God anew and seek only His will – and then you will find joy and peace in Him. Thank you for having responded to my call.”
October 2, 2013 Our Lady of Medjugorje Message to the World: "Dear children, I love you with a motherly love and with a motherly patience I wait for your love and unity. I pray that you may be a community of God’s children, of my children. I pray that as a community you may joyfully come back to life in the faith and in the love of my Son. My children, I am gathering you as my apostles and am teaching you how to bring others to come to know the love of my Son; how to bring to them the Good News, which is my Son. Give me your open, purified hearts and I will fill them with the love for my Son. His love will give meaning to your life and I will walk with you. I will be with you until the meeting with the Heavenly Father. My children, it is those who walk towards the Heavenly Father with love and faith who will be saved. Do not be afraid, I am with you. Put your trust in your shepherds as my Son trusted when he chose them, and pray that they may have the strength and the love to lead you. Thank you." - See more at: http://litanylane.blogspot.com/2013/11/tuesday-november-12-2013-litany-lane.html#sthash.1QAVruYo.bk3E9rXR.dpuf
Today's Word: prejudice pre·ju·dice [prej-uh-dis]
Origin:
noun
1. an unfavorable opinion or feeling formed beforehand or without knowledge, thought, or reason.
2. any preconceived opinion or feeling, either favorable or unfavorable.
3. unreasonable feelings, opinions, or attitudes, especially of a hostile nature, regarding a racial, religious, or national group.
4. such attitudes considered collectively: The war against prejudice is never-ending.
5. damage or injury; detriment: a law that operated to the prejudice of the majority.
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Today's Old Testament Reading - Psalms 95:1-2, 6-7, 8-9
1 Come, let us cry out with joy to Yahweh, acclaim the rock of our salvation.
2 Let us come into his presence with thanksgiving, acclaim him with music.
6 Come, let us bow low and do reverence; kneel before Yahweh who made us!
7 For he is our God, and we the people of his sheepfold, the flock of his hand. If only you would listen to him today!
8 Do not harden your hearts as at Meribah, as at the time of Massah in the desert,
9 when your ancestors challenged me, put me to the test, and saw what I could do!
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Today's Epistle - Exodus 17:3-7
3 But tormented by thirst, the people complained to Moses. 'Why did you bring us out of Egypt,' they said, 'only to make us, our children and our livestock, die of thirst?'4 Moses appealed to Yahweh for help. 'How am I to deal with this people?' he said. 'Any moment now they will stone me!'
5 Yahweh then said to Moses, 'Go on ahead of the people, taking some of the elders of Israel with you; in your hand take the staff with which you struck the River, and go.
6 I shall be waiting for you there on the rock (at Horeb). Strike the rock, and water will come out for the people to drink.' This was what Moses did, with the elders of Israel looking on.
7 He gave the place the names Massah and Meribah because of the Israelites' contentiousness and because they put Yahweh to the test by saying, 'Is Yahweh with us, or not?'
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Today's Gospel Reading - John 4:5-42
The Meeting of Jesus with the Samaritan Woman
A Dialogue that brings new life
John 4:5-42
A Dialogue that brings new life
John 4:5-42
~ Opening prayer
Lord Jesus, send your Spirit to help us
read the Scriptures in the same way that you read them to the disciples
on the road to Emmaus. With the light of the Word in the Bible, you
helped them to discover the presence of God in the distressing events
surrounding your condemnation to death. The cross, which seemed to put
an end to all hope, was revealed to them as the source of life and
resurrection.
Create in us the silence necessary to
hear your voice in creation and in the Scriptures, in the events of
daily life and in people, above all in the poor and the suffering. May
your word give us direction, just as it did to the two disciples on the
road to Emmaus, so that we too will experience the power of your
resurrection and bear witness to others that you are alive in our midst
as the source of community, of justice and of peace. We ask this of you,
Jesus, son of Mary, you who revealed the Father to us and sent us your
Spirit. Amen.
~ Reading
a) A key for unlocking the text:
The text describes the dialogue between
Jesus and the Samaritan woman. It is a very human conversation, which
shows how Jesus related to people and how he himself learned and became
enriched in talking with others. While reading the text, try to be aware
of what surprises you most about the attitude both of Jesus and the woman.
b) A division of the text to assist a careful reading:
Jn 4,5-6: Sets the scene in which the dialogue takes place
Jn 4,7-26: Describes the dialogue between Jesus and the woman
7-15: about water and thirst
16-18: about the husband and family
19-25: about religion and the place for adoration
Jn 4,27-30: Describes the effect of the conversation on the woman
Jn 4,31-38: Describes the effect of the conversation on Jesus
Jn 4,39-42: Describes the effect on the mission of Jesus in Samaria
Jn 4,7-26: Describes the dialogue between Jesus and the woman
7-15: about water and thirst
16-18: about the husband and family
19-25: about religion and the place for adoration
Jn 4,27-30: Describes the effect of the conversation on the woman
Jn 4,31-38: Describes the effect of the conversation on Jesus
Jn 4,39-42: Describes the effect on the mission of Jesus in Samaria
~ The Gospel:
5-6:
So he came to a city of Samaria, called Sychar, near the field that
Jacob gave to his son Joseph. Jacob's well was there, and so Jesus,
wearied as he was with his journey, sat down beside the well. It was
about the sixth hour.
7-15: There came a
woman of Samaria to draw water. Jesus said to her, "Give me a drink."
For his disciples had gone away into the city to buy food. The Samaritan
woman said to him, "How is it that you, a Jew, ask a drink of me, a
woman of Samaria?" For Jews have no dealings with Samaritans. Jesus
answered her, "If you knew the gift of God, and who it is that is saying
to you, 'Give me a drink,' you would have asked him, and he would have
given you living water." The woman said to him, "Sir, you have nothing
to draw with, and the well is deep; where do you get that living water?
Are you greater than our father Jacob, who gave us the well, and drank
from it himself, and his sons, and his cattle?" Jesus said to her,
"Every one who drinks of this water will thirst again, but whoever
drinks of the water that I shall give him will never thirst; the water
that I shall give him will become in him a spring of water welling up to
eternal life." The woman said to him, "Sir, give me this water, that I
may not thirst, nor come here to draw."
16-18: Jesus said to
her, "Go, call your husband, and come here." The woman answered him, "I
have no husband." Jesus said to her, "You are right in saying, 'I have
no husband'; for you have had five husbands, and he whom you now have is
not your husband; this you said truly."
19-26: The woman said
to him, "Sir, I perceive that you are a prophet. Our fathers worshiped
on this mountain; and you say that in Jerusalem is the place where men
ought to worship." Jesus said to her, "Woman, believe me, the hour is
coming when neither on this mountain nor in Jerusalem will you worship
the Father. You worship what you do not know; we worship what we know,
for salvation is from the Jews. But the hour is coming, and now is, when
the true worshipers will worship the Father in spirit and truth, for
such the Father seeks to worship him. God is spirit, and those who
worship him must worship in spirit and truth." The woman said to him, "I
know that Messiah is coming (he who is called Christ); when he comes,
he will show us all things." Jesus said to her, "I who speak to you am
he."
27-30: Just then his
disciples came. They marvelled that he was talking with a woman, but
none said, "What do you wish?" or, "Why are you talking with her?" So
the woman left her water jar, and went away into the city, and said to
the people, "Come, see a man who told me all that I ever did. Can this
be the Christ?" They went out of the city and were coming to him.
31-38: Meanwhile the
disciples besought him, saying, "Rabbi, eat." But he said to them, "I
have food to eat of which you do not know." So the disciples said to one
another, "Has any one brought him food?" Jesus said to them, "My food
is to do the will of him who sent me, and to accomplish his work. Do you
not say, 'There are yet four months, then comes the harvest? I tell
you, lift up your eyes, and see how the fields are already white for
harvest. He who reaps receives wages, and gathers fruit for eternal
life, so that sower and reaper may rejoice together. For here the saying
holds true, 'One sows and another reaps.' I sent you to reap that for
which you did not labour; others have laboured, and you have entered
into their labour."
39-42: Many Samaritans
from that city believed in him because of the woman's testimony, "He
told me all that I ever did." So when the Samaritans came to him, they
asked him to stay with them; and he stayed there two days. And many more
believed because of his word. They said to the woman, "It is no longer
because of your words that we believe, for we have heard for ourselves,
and we know that this is indeed the Saviour of the world."
~ A moment of silent prayer so that the Word of God can enter into us and light up our lives.
~ Some questions to help us in our meditation and prayer.
a) What most attracted your attention in
Jesus’ attitude to the woman during the dialogue? What method did Jesus
use to help the woman become aware of a deeper dimension to life?
b) What most attracted your attention
about the attitude of the Samaritan woman during her conversation with
Jesus? How did she influence Jesus?
c) Where in the Old Testament, is water associated with the gift of life and the gift of the Holy Spirit?
d) How does Jesus’ attitude during the conversation question me or touch something within me or correct me?
e) The Samaritan woman led the
discussion towards religion. If you could come across Jesus and talk to
him, what would you like to talk about? Why?
f) Do I adore God in spirit and in truth or do I find my security in rituals and regulations?
~ A key to the reading for those who wish to go deeper.
a) The symbolism of water:
* Jesus uses the word water in two senses. The first sense is the material, normal sense of water that one drinks; the second is the symbolic sense
as the source of life and the gift of the Spirit. Jesus uses a language
that people can understand and, at the same time, awakes in them, the
desire to go deeper and to discover a more profound meaning to life.
* The symbolic sense of water has its
roots in the Old Testament, where it is frequently a symbol for the
action of the Spirit of God in people. For example, Jeremiah compares
running water to water in a cistern (Jer. 2,13). The more water is taken
from a cistern, the less it has; the more water is taken from a stream
of living water, the more it has. Other texts from the Old Testament:
Is.12,3; 49,10; 55,1; Ez. 47, 1-3. Jesus knew the traditions of his
people and he uses these in his conversation with the Samaritan woman.
Suggesting the symbolic meaning of water, he suggests to her (and to the
readers) various episodes and phrases from the Old Testament.
b) The dialogue between Jesus and the woman:
* Jesus meets the woman at the well, a
traditional place for meetings and conversations (Gen 24,10-27;29,1-14).
He starts off from his own very real need because he is thirsty. He
does this in such a way that the woman feels needed and she serves him.
Jesus makes himself needy in her regard. From his question, he makes it
possible for the woman to become aware that he depends on her to give
him something to drink. Jesus awakens in her the desire to help and to
serve.
* The conversation between Jesus and the woman has two levels.
(i) The superficial level, in the material sense of water that quenches someone’s thirst, and in the normal sense of husband as
the father of a family. At this level the conversation is tense and
difficult and does not flow. The Samaritan woman has the upper hand. At
the beginning, Jesus tries to meet her by talking about daily chores
(fetching water), but he does not succeed. Then he tries by talking about family (call your husband), and still there is no breakthrough. Finally the woman speaks about religion (the place of adoration). Jesus then gets through to her by the door she herself has opened.
(ii) The deeper level, in the symbolic sense of water as the image of the new life brought by Jesus, and of the husband as
the symbol of the union of God with the people. At this level, the
conversation flows perfectly. After revealing that he himself is
offering the water of new life, Jesus says, "Go and get your husband and
then return". In the past, the Samaritans had five husbands, or five
idols, attached to the five groups of people who were taken off by the
King of Assyria (2 Kings 17, 30-31). The sixth husband, the one the
woman had at present, was not truly her husband: "the one you have now
is not your husband" (Jn. 4,18). What the people had did not respond to
their deepest desire: union with God, as a husband who unites himself to
his spouse (Is. 62,5; 54,5). The true husband, the seventh, is Jesus,
as promised by Hosea: "I will espouse you to me forever; I will espouse
you in right and in justice, in love and in mercy. I will espouse you in
fidelity, and you shall know the Lord." (Hos. 2, 21-22). Jesus is the
bridegroom who has arrived (Mk. 2, 19) to bring new life to the woman
who has been searching for it her whole life long, and until now, has
never found it. If the people accept Jesus as "husband", they will have
access to God wherever they are, both in spirit and in truth (vv.
23-24).
* Jesus declares his thirst to the
Samaritan woman but he does not drink. This is a sign that we are
talking about a symbolic thirst, which had to do with his mission: the
thirst to accomplish the will of his Father (Jn. 4, 34). This thirst is
ever present in Jesus and will be until his death. At the moment of his
death, he says, "I am thirsty" (Jn. 19, 28). He declares his thirst for
the last time and so he can say, "It is accomplished." Then he bowed his
head and gave up his spirit. (Jn. 19,30). His mission had been
accomplished.
c) The importance of women in the Gospel of John:
* In John’s Gospel, women feature
prominently seven times, which are decisive for the spreading of the
Good News. To women are given functions and missions, some of which, in
the other Gospels, are attributed to men:
- At the wedding feast in Cana, the
mother of Jesus recognises the limits of the Old Testament and affirms
the law of the Gospel, "Do whatever he tells you". (Jn. 2, 1-11).
- The Samaritan woman is the first
person to have revealed to her by Jesus the great secret, that he is the
Messiah. "It is I who speak to you." (Jn. 4,26). She then becomes the
evangeliser of Samaria (Jn. 4, 28-30. 39-42).
- The woman, who is called an
adulteress, at the moment of receiving the forgiveness of Jesus, becomes
the judge of the patriarchal society (or of male power) that seeks to
condemn her. (Jn. 8, 1-11).
- In the other Gospels it is Peter who
makes the solemn profession of faith in Jesus (Mt. 16, 16; Mk. 8,29; Lk.
9,20). In the Gospel of John, it is Martha, sister of Mary and Lazarus,
who makes the solemn profession of faith (Jn. 11,27).
- Mary, the sister of Martha, anoints
the feet of Jesus for the day of his burial (Jn. 12,7). At the time of
Jesus, the one who died on a cross was not buried nor embalmed. Mary
anticipated the anointing of Jesus’ body. This means that she accepted
Jesus as the Messiah-Suffering Servant, who must die on the cross. Peter
did not accept this (Jn.13,8) and sought to dissuade Jesus from this
path (Mt. 16,22). In this way, Mary is presented as a model for the
other disciples.
- At the foot of the cross, Jesus says,
"Woman, behold your son; son, behold your mother" (Jn. 19,25-27). The
Church is born at the foot of the cross. Mary is the model for the
Christian community.
- Mary Magdalene must announce the Good
News to the brothers (Jn. 20,11-18). She receives an order, without
which all the other orders given to the apostles would have no effect or
value.
* The Mother of Jesus appears twice in
John’s Gospel: at the beginning, at the wedding feast in Cana (Jn. 2,
1-5), and at the end, at the foot of the cross (Jn. 19, 25-27). In both
cases, she represents the Old Testament that waits for the arrival of
the New, and, in both cases, assists its arrival. Mary unites what has
gone before with what would come later. At Cana, it is she, the Mother
of Jesus, symbol of the Old Testament, who perceives its limits and
takes steps so that the New will arrive. At the hour of Jesus’ death, it
is the Mother of Jesus, who welcomes the "Beloved Disciple". In this
case the Beloved Disciple is the new community, which has grown around
Jesus. It is the child that has been born from the Old Testament. In
response to Jesus’ request, the son, the New Testament, welcomes the
Mother, the Old Testament, into his home. The two must journey together.
The New Testament cannot be understood without the Old. It would be a
building without a foundation. The Old without the New would be
incomplete. It would be a tree without fruit.
~ Reflection of Psalm 19 (18)
God speaks to us through nature and through the Bible
The heavens are telling the glory of God;
and the firmament proclaims his handiwork.
Day to day pours forth speech,
and night to night declares knowledge.
The heavens are telling the glory of God;
and the firmament proclaims his handiwork.
Day to day pours forth speech,
and night to night declares knowledge.
There is no speech, nor are there words;
their voice is not heard;
yet their voice goes out through all the earth,
and their words to the end of the world.
their voice is not heard;
yet their voice goes out through all the earth,
and their words to the end of the world.
In them he has set a tent for the sun,
which comes forth like a bridegroom leaving his chamber,
and like a strong man runs its course with joy.
which comes forth like a bridegroom leaving his chamber,
and like a strong man runs its course with joy.
Its rising is from the end of the heavens,
and its circuit to the end of them;
and there is nothing hid from its heat.
and its circuit to the end of them;
and there is nothing hid from its heat.
The law of the Lord is perfect, reviving the soul;
the testimony of the Lord is sure, making wise the simple;
the precepts of the Lord are right, rejoicing the heart;
the commandment of the Lord is pure, enlightening the eyes.
the testimony of the Lord is sure, making wise the simple;
the precepts of the Lord are right, rejoicing the heart;
the commandment of the Lord is pure, enlightening the eyes.
The fear of the Lord is clean, enduring for ever;
the ordinances of the Lord are true, and righteous altogether.
More to be desired are they than gold, even much fine gold;
sweeter also than honey and drippings of the honeycomb.
the ordinances of the Lord are true, and righteous altogether.
More to be desired are they than gold, even much fine gold;
sweeter also than honey and drippings of the honeycomb.
Moreover by them is thy servant warned;
in keeping them there is great reward.
But who can discern his errors?
Clear thou me from hidden faults.
in keeping them there is great reward.
But who can discern his errors?
Clear thou me from hidden faults.
Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins;
let them not have dominion over me!
Then I shall be blameless,
and innocent of great transgression.
let them not have dominion over me!
Then I shall be blameless,
and innocent of great transgression.
Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart
be acceptable in thy sight, O Lord,
my rock and my redeemer.
be acceptable in thy sight, O Lord,
my rock and my redeemer.
~ Final Prayer
Lord Jesus, we thank you for your word,
which has helped us see better the will of the Father. Let your Spirit
illumine all that we do and give us the strength to carry out that which
your Word has made us see. Let us, like Mary, your Mother, not only
listen to the Word but also put it into practice. You who live and reign
with the Father in the unity of the Holy Spirit forever and ever. Amen.
Reference: Courtesy of Order of Carmelites, www.ocarm.org.
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Featured Item of the Day from Litany Lane
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Saint of the Day: Saint Turibius of Mogrovejo
Feast Day: March 23
Patron Saint: Native rights; Latin American bishops; Peru
Attributes: n/a
Born in Mayorga de Campos, Valladolid, Spain, of noble family and highly educated, Turibius was named after another Spanish saint, Turibius of Astorga. He became professor of law at the highly reputed University of Salamanca. His learning and virtuous reputation led to his appointment as Grand Inquisitor of Spain by King Philip II on the Court of the Inquisition at Granada. During this time, he was ordained priest in 1578 and sent to Peru. He was named Archbishop of Lima, Peru, in May 1579.
He arrived at Paita, Peru, 600 miles (970 km) from Lima, on 24 May 1581. He began his mission work by travelling to Lima on foot, baptizing and teaching the natives. His favourite topic was: "Time is not our own, and we must give a strict account of it." Three times he traversed the 450,000 square kilometers (170,000 sq mi) of his diocese, generally on foot, frequently defenceless and often alone; exposed to tempests, torrents, deserts, wild beasts, tropical heat, fevers and sometimes threats from hostile tribes; baptizing and confirming nearly one half million souls, among them St. Rose of Lima and St. Martin de Porres.
He built roads, schoolhouses and chapels, many hospitals and convents, and at Lima, in 1591, founded the first seminary in the western hemisphere. He inaugurated the first part of the third Lima Cathedral on 2 February 1604.
Turibius assembled thirteen diocesan synods and three provincial councils. He was seen as a champion of the rights of the natives against the Spanish masters. "There was great opposition to Turibius from the governors of Peru whose authority he challenged," Elizabeth Hallam has written. "He learned local dialects so that he could communicate with–-and convert–-the native peoples, and he was a strong and effective champion of their rights."
Years before he died, he predicted the day and hour of his death. At Pacasmayo he contracted fever, but continued labouring to the last, arriving at Sana (or Saña) in a dying condition. Dragging himself to the sanctuary he received the Viaticum, expiring shortly after on 23 March 1606.
Veneration
Turibius de Mogrovejo was beatified by Pope Innocent XI in the year 1679 and was later canonized by Pope Benedict XIII in the year 1726. His liturgical feast was once celebrated on April 27, but currently on March 23. His cult was once confined mainly to South America, but now more widespread because of his pioneering reforms.Turibius is honored together with Saint Martin de Porres and Saint Rosa de Lima with a feast day on the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA) on August 23.
References
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "St. Toribio Alfonso Mogrovejo". Catholic Encyclopedia. Robert Appleton Company.●▬▬ஜ۩۞۩ஜ▬♥▬●▬ஜ۩۞۩ஜ▬♥▬●▬ஜ۩۞۩ஜ▬▬●
Today's Snippet I: Kingdom of Leon
From 1296 to 1301, the Kingdom of León was again independent and after the re-union with Castile remained a kingdom until 1833, but as part of a united Spain. In the Royal Decree of 30 November 1833, the Kingdom of León was considered one of the Spanish regions and divided into the provinces of León, Zamora and Salamanca. In 1978, these three provinces of the region of León were included along with six provinces of the historic region of Old Castile to create the autonomous community of Castile and León.
Background
The city of León was founded by the Roman Seventh Legion (usually written as Legio Septima Gemina ("twin seventh legion"). It was the headquarters of that legion in the late empire and was a centre for trade in gold, which was mined at Las Médulas nearby. In 540, the city was conquered by the Arian Visigothic king Liuvigild, who did not harass the already well-established Roman Catholic population. In AD 717, León fell again, this time to the Moors. However, León was one of the first cities retaken during the Christian reconquest of the Iberian peninsula, and became part of the Kingdom of Asturias in AD 742.León was a small town during this time, but one of the few former Roman cities in the Kingdom of Asturias which still held significance (the surviving Roman walls bear the medieval walling upon them). During Visigothic times, the city had served as a bishopric, and incorporating the city into Asturias brought legitimacy to the Asturian monarchs who sought to lead a unified Iberian church, during a time when most of the Iberian Peninsula was governed by Muslim powers.
History
Foundation
Ordoño II of León was also a military leader who brought military expeditions from León south to Seville, Córdoba, and Guadalajara, in the heart of the Muslim territory.
After a few years of civil wars during the reign of Fruela II, Alfonso Fróilaz and Alfonso IV, Ramiro II (931–951) assumed the throne and brought stability to the kingdom. A brave military chief who defeated the Muslim armies in their own territory, Ramiro's expeditions turned the Valley of the Douro into a no-man's land that separated Christian kingdoms in the north of Iberia from the Muslim states in the south. Ramiro II was nicknamed "The Devil" by Muslims because of his great military skill.
As the Leonese troops advanced they were followed by a process of repoblación, which consisted of repopulating the Meseta high plains, with people coming from Galicia and especially from Asturias and León. This migration of Leonese peoples greatly influenced the Leonese language. During the repoblación period, there arose a distinct form of art known as Mozarabic art. Mozarabic art is a mixing of Visigoth, Islamic, and Byzantine elements. Notable examples of the Mozarabic style are the Leonese churches of San Miguel de Escalada and Santiago de Peñalba.
During the early 10th century, León expanded to the south and east, securing territory that became the County of Burgos. Fortified with numerous castles, Burgos remained within Leon until the 930s, at which time Count Ferdinand II of Castile began a campaign to expand Burgos and make it independent and hereditary. He took for himself the title Count of Castile, in reference to the many castles of the territory (around Burgos), and continued expanding his area at the expense of León by allying with the Caliphate of Córdoba, until AD 966, when he was defeated by Sancho I of León.
Peak
The Kingdom of León continued to be the most important of all those of the Iberian Peninsula. However, Sancho III of Navarre (1004–1035) took over Castile in the 1020s, and added León in the last year of his life, leaving Galicia to temporary independence. In the division of lands which followed his death, his son Fernando succeeded to the county of Castile. Two years later, in 1037, he conquered León and Galicia. For nearly 30 years, until his death in 1065, he ruled over a combined kingdom of León-Castile as Ferdinand I of León. In these clashes in an impoverished and isolated culture, where salt-making and a blacksmith's forge counted as industries, the armies that decided the fate of the kingdoms numbered in the hundreds of fighting men.Early in its existence, León lay directly to the north of the wealthy, sophisticated, and powerful Caliphate of Córdoba. When internal dissensions divided Al-Andalus loyalties in the 11th century, leading to an age of smaller Taifa successor states of the Caliphate, the impoverished Christian kingdoms who had been sending tribute to the Caliphate found themselves in a position to demand payments (parias) instead, in return for favours to particular factions or as simple extortion.
Thus, though scarcely influenced by the culture of the successor territories of the former Caliphate, Ferdinand I followed the example of the counts of Barcelona and the kings of Aragon and he became hugely wealthy from the parias of the Taifas. When he died in 1065, his territories and the parias were split among his three sons, of whom Alfonso emerged the victor in the classic fratricidal strife common to feudal successions.
Few in Europe would have known of this immense new wealth in a kingdom so isolated that its bishops had virtually no contact with Rome, except that Ferdinand and his heirs (the kings of León and Castile) became the greatest benefactors of the Abbey of Cluny, where Abbot Hugh (died 1109) undertook construction of the huge third abbey church, the cynosure of every eye. The Way of Saint James called pilgrims from Western Europe to the supposed tomb of Saint James the Great in Santiago de Compostela, and the large hostels and churches along the route encouraged building in the Romanesque style.
Alfonso VI was one of the most important kings of León of the Middle Ages. He assumed control of first León, and later Castile and Galicia, when his brother died attacking the Leonese city of Zamora. He was crowned Emperor of Spain and received the honoring of all the kings of the Iberian Peninsula.
León and Castile
The two kingdoms of León and Castile were split in 1157, when a major defeat for Alfonso VIII of Castile weakened the authority of Castile.
The last two kings of an independent Kingdom of León (1157–1230) were Ferdinand II and Alfonso IX. Fernando II led León's conquest of Mérida, a city dating from Roman times. Alfonso IX, besides conquering the whole of Extremadura (including the cities of Cáceres and Badajoz), was the most modern king of his time, founding the University of Salamanca in 1212 and summoning in 1188 the first parliament with representation of the citizenry ever seen in Western Europe, the Cortes of León.
The last king of an independent León, Alfonso IX, did not want his kingdom to disappear upon his death and designated his heirs as Sancha and Dulce, the daughters of his first wife. When Alfonso IX died in 1230, his son by Berenguela of Castile, Ferdinand III of Castile, invaded León and assumed the crown. He thus became the first joint sovereign of both kingdoms since the death of Alfonso VII in 1157. The isolated Atlantic province, the County of Portugal, separated to become the Kingdom of Portugal.
The union between León and Castile was never accepted by Leonese people. King Ferdinand III needed 2 years to suffocate the independentist revolts in the Kingdom of León. So, his son Alfonso X returned the independence of the Kingdom of León, but it was not respected by Sancho IV. His brother John waited until 1296, when Sancho was dead, to be crowned as John I, King of León, Galicia and Sevilla. In 1301 he abdicated and the king of Castile assumed the Crown of León, joining both kingdoms.
Though the kings of Castile and León initially continued to take the title King of León as the superior title, and to use a lion as part of their standard, power in fact became centralized in Castile, as exemplified by the Leonese language's replacement by Spanish. The Kingdom of León and the Kingdom of Castile kept different Parliaments, different flags, different coin and different laws until the Modern Era, when Spain, like other European states, centralized governmental power.
Modern era
The Kingdom of León coexisted as a personal union under the Crown of Castile, with León possessing separate institutions, such as its own cortes, the Real Adelantamiento of the Kingdom of León, the Merino mayor of León, among others, many of which lasted until the 19th century. The Castilian monarchs, however, soon began a process of unifying the laws of the two kingdoms, as exemplified by the Siete Partidas. By the 16th century, León became a captaincy-general.19th century
In the 19th century, the Kingdom of León declared war, together with Galicia and Asturias, against France, and organised the Junta General del Reino de León as its own government. The modern region of the Kingdom of León was established in 1833 and was divided into León, Zamora, and Salamanca provinces.Present
At present, León is composed of the provinces of León, Zamora, and Salamanca, is now part of the autonomous community of Castile and León within the modern Kingdom of Spain.Political parties representing "Leonesismo", the Leonese regionalist and nationalist movements, support the creation of an autonomous community separate from Castile. Leonesist parties gained 13.6% of votes cast in the León autonomic elections in 2007. There have also been initiatives approved by some Leonese city councils to establish a NUTS-2 (European Statistical Region) for León.
Reference
- R.A. Fletcher, The Episcopate in the Kingdom of León in the Twelfth Century
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Today's Snippet II: Basilica Cathedral of Lima
In keeping with the majority of cathedrals the front facade has three large doorways. The main or central gateway is called the Portada del Perdón or the "door of forgiveness". Above the doorway, instead of Lima's coat-of-arms, there appears the Peruvian seal, and the phrase "Plus Ultra". The two high towers with spire of slate, are neoclassical with stylistic influences of the school "El Escorial" and of northern Europe.
There are also no less than 14 side chapels, one of which opens on to Calle de Judíos (Street of the Jews) and another on to the Patio de los Naranjos (Square of the Orange Trees, connected to the Cathedral). At the rear there are 2 more entrances: Santa Apolonia and San Cristóbal. Set on the front facade are sculptures of the Apostles and in the middle, the Sacred Heart of Jesus. Adjoining the Cathedral are the Parroquia del Sagrario (one of the oldest ones in Lima) and the Archbishop's Palace.
Inside, along the side aisles, are a sequence of large paintings of the Via Crucis, "Way of the Cross. Pope John Paul II visited this cathedral on two occasions, in 1985 and 1988. This is commemorated with signs at the entrance. In the left aisle, the first chapel holds the ancient baptistery. Here can be seen a beautiful image of Nuestra Señora de la Esperanza, who presides over the events during Cuaresm and Holy Week. During a recent restoration, ancient pictures were found in this chapel that are now able to be seen by the public.
The next chapel is Capilla de la Sagrada Familia (chapel of the Holy Family), featuring figures of Jesus, Mary and Joseph.
The Cathedral also contains the tomb of the Spanish conquistador of Peru, Francisco Pizarro.
Timeline
The following chronological data is based on the work of the priest and art historian Antonio San Cristóbal.- January 18, 1535:
- 1538: The construction of the first church was completed. It was mainly built of adobe, primitive, small and rustic.
- March 11, 1540: The church was officially inaugurated by Francisco Pizarro.
- May 14, 1541: A papal bull of Pope Paul III, Illius Fulciti Praesidio, designated the church a Cathedral, by creating the diocese of the City of the Kings. The Cathedral now became part of the assigned region of Saint John the Evangelist ("San Juan Evangelista" in Spanish) and ceased to depend on Cusco.
- 1542: The cathedral underwent several improvements and minor extensions, paid for by García de Salcedo.
- September 17, 1543: Bishop Jerónimo de Loayza signed the "Lima Cathedral Construction Act" and selected its council.
- February 12, 1546: The church was upgraded to a Metropolitan Church, and "The Kings" became an Archdiocese. This is done by the papal bull Super Universa Orbis of Pope Paul III.
- 1551: Inauguration of the second Cathedral by Archbishop Jerónimo de Loayza.
- 1564: Archbishop Jerónimo de Loayza assigned the task of redesigning the Cathedral to Alonso Beltrán, with instructions to base his design on the Cathedral of Seville in Spain.
- 1572: Work on the third Cathedral began with the demolition of the adobe walls of the second cathedral, but the project was quickly abandoned because of the high cost.
- 1598: The Renaissance architect Francisco Becerra reduced the plans to only 3 aisles, plus 2 chapels. Works on the third Cathedral were recommenced.
- February 2, 1604: Archbishop Toribio Alfonso de Mogrovejo inaugurated the first part of the third Cathedral.
- 1609: An Earthquake destroyed the vaults of the recently built structure.
1614-1615: The old Renaissance vaults were rebuilt at a lower height in a Gothic style.
- August 15, 1622: First Mass in the finished third Cathedral.
- October 19, 1625: Archbishop Gonzalo de Ocampo consecrated the third Lima Cathedral.
- 1626: Juan Martínez de Arona and Pedro de Noguera designed the main portal as it is today.
- 1687: Another earthquake destroyed the vaults of the Cathedral.
- December 7, 1697: Reconstruction of the Cathedral finished and it was officially inaugurated.
- 1732: Two additional portals were added.
- 1746: An Earthquake destroyed many vaults and pillars.
- May 29, 1755: The first part of the rebuilt Cathedral was inaugurated.
- December 8, 1758: The second part of the rebuilt Cathedral was inaugurated.
- December 8, 1778: Archbishop Diego Antonio de Parada inaugurated the renovated interior of the Cathedral.
- 1794-1797: Construction of the current towers of the Cathedral, designed by the architect Ignacio Martorell.
- January 17, 1893: The Cathedral was closed because it was in disrepair and in dire need of restoration.
- January 7, 1896: Internal renovation works were begun.
- January 6, 1898: Inauguration of renovated Cathedral.
- 1940: Earthquake. Restoration by Emilio Harth-Terré.
- 2005: New lights were installed.
Reference
- La Catedral de Lima website by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lima
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Today's Snippet III: Chiclayo, Peru
Founded by Spanish explorers as "Santa María de los Valles de Chiclayo" in the 16th century, it was declared a city on 15 April 1835 by president Felipe Santiago Salaverry. He named Chiclayo "the Heroic City" to recognize the courage of its citizens in the fight for independence, a title it still holds. Other nicknames for Chiclayo include "The Capital of Friendship" and the "Pearl of the North".
The city was founded near an important prehistoric archaeological site, the Northern Wari ruins, which constitute the remains of a city from the 7th- to 12th-century Wari Empire.
History
Pre-Columbian cultures
Mochica culture
The Moche civilization began between the 1st and 7th centuries AD, occupying a territory that spanned much of what is now the northern coast of Peru. Encompassing what would become, the coastal area of the departments of Ancash, Lambayeque and La Libertad today. This civilization reach a broad knowledge of hydraulic engineering. So says the construction of canals. Where made the most of the river water to irrigate their land. This allowed them to have agricultural surpluses and a strong economy for development. Also characterized by intensive use of copper in the manufacture of ornamental objects, tools and weapons. They were considered the best potters of ancient Peru and developed thanks to the fine work they did in their ceramics. They represented the gods, men, animals and scenes for meaningful ceremonial themes and myths that reflected their world. Being famous for its huaco-portraits preserved in museums around the country, highlighting the amazing expressiveness, perfection and realism with which endowed. The latest findings establish that this civilization disappeared as a result of the disasters caused by El Niño.The Mochicans are considered the producers of the best ceramic artifacts because of the elaborate designs of the pottery. These designs represent religious themes, humans, animals, and scenes of ceremonies and myths reflecting their perception of the world. They are noted for their expressiveness, perfection, and realism.
Lambayeque culture
The Lambayeque culture or Sican existed between 700 and 1375 and occupied the territory of the current-day department of Lambayeque. The area near the current-day city of Chiclayo was part of the Lambayeque civilization.This culture was formed towards the end of the Moche civilization assimilating much of their knowledge and cultural traditions.
The Lambayeque culture's civilization was divided into three phases or stages:
- Early stage (700–900)
- Intermediate stage (900–1100)
- Late stage (1100–1350)
Colonial period
In the early 16th century, Chiclayo was inhabited by two ethnic groups; the Cinto and Collique. The chieftains of these ethnic groups donated part of their land for the construction of a Franciscan convent. This cesion of land was approved by the royal decree of 17 September 1585. Thus, with the advocation of Saint Maria of Chiclayo and under the direction of Father Fray Antonio of the Concepción, a church and a Franciscan covenant were erected at Chiclayo. At the time of construction of these Spanish-built edifices, the city of Chiclayo was founded.Chiclayo, unlike most other Peruvian colonial cities such as Lima, Piura, Trujillo, or Arequipa, was inhabited by a largely indigenous population rather than Spanish colonizers. On 15 April 1835, during the republican era, the urbanization of Chiclayo was elevated to the category of city by the then president Felipe Santiago Salaverry. That same day, Chiclayo received the title of "Heroic City". The next day the Chiclayo Province is created of which Chiclayo becomes the capital.
Republican era
During the Peruvian War of Independence Chiclayo was not indifferent to the patriot revolutionary cause, and supported it by suppling soldiers, weapons, horses, and other important resources to General José de San Martín's liberating army. All of this came to be under the supervision of the most progressive creole, José Leonardo Ortiz.Soon after independence Chiclayo was still a small village. Nevertheless, due to its strategic geographic location, in future decades it became a rail, communications, and automotive hub. In 1827, Chiclayo was elevated to the level of villa. The progress of Chiclayo is evident in the early republican era by the naming of Chiclayo as a "Heroic City" in recognition of the services rendered by the Chiclayan people in the Peruvian War of Independence.
Today, Chiclayo is among the most important cities of Peru, with much commercial movement and with touches of great modern city, home to large supermarkets, banking chains, warehouses, hospitals, clinics, galleries, among other businesses that have become the Financial and Commercial Capital of Northern Peru, titles in addition to the City of Friendship and Pearl of Northern Peru, with a metropolitan area that includes several neighboring satellite cities about 30 thousand hectares around. Currently Chiclayo is shaping up between the country's major cities, is a commercial city and brings together the ingredients of a modern city, Chiclayo is known as the Capital of friendship and "Perla del Norte" of Perú.
Geography
Climate
Chiclayo has a warm and very dry desert climate with the sun shining all year around. Since the city of Chiclayo is located in a tropical zone near the Equator, the weather should be hot, humid, and rainy, but it is sub-tropical, pleasant temperature, dry and rainy; this is due to the strong winds called "cyclones" that lower temperature to a moderate climate for most of the year except in the summer months where the temperature rises, so summer is often spent in resorts like Puerto Eten and Pimentel. Periodically, every 7, 10, 15, years are high temperatures, with regular rainfall and extreme rise of river water.Tourist attractions of Lambayeque
- Home Park.- Located in the heart of Leeds, formerly was built in two sections, has a pool equipped with three water valves which give rise to three jets of water that form the flag of Peru. Around her are shopping centers, the RENIEC, its beautiful Cathedral, Hotel Royal, the Old Cinema Tropical and Colonial Theatre and republican buildings and many places where any tourist or citizen might enjoy.
- Cathedral of Chiclayo.- Located in the main square of the city is built in neoclassical style and dates from 1869 by design and drawings of Gustave Eiffel. The cover is two bodies, supported by Doric columns first is in front of three archways. The second presents Corinthian capitals whose intercolumpios appreciate balconies or bay windows. On both sides of the facade stand steeples topped with cupolas. Inside, three bodies, highlights the beautiful sculpture of Christ poor and the home of Antonio.
- Municipal Palace.- It stood on the north side of the main park, located on Calle San Jose 823. Elegant building construction (1919), cost more than 30,000 pounds of gold. It was Republican style with large windows and wrought iron gates. It was destroyed by a fire caused by a deplorable political brawl between the Deputy Mayor Jose Barreto Sanchez and his opponent then reinstated Mayor Arturo Castillo Chirinos, who tried to recover the position relying on a ruling of the Constitutional Court just two months of completing the period for which he was elected in October 2006. Currently already restored and now operates as a museum.
- La Verónica´s Chapel.- Ubicada en la calle Torres Paz 294. Fue construida in fines del siglo XIX y Declared monument histórico nacional. El mayor y el altar reredos adyacente presentan a revestimiento de pan de oro y plata. Fue Declared Monument histórico nacional en 1987.
- Basilica San Antonio.- It is situated between the street and Avenida Paz Torres Luis Gonzales. San Antonio called the Discalced Fathers Chiclayo, modern and simple architecture (1949). The main hall is quite large, has arches and, altar, stands the crucified articulated in polychrome wood sculpture.
- Elías Aguirre Square.- Located between Calle Elias Aguirre and San Jose. This was the first place he could see the traveler when off the train at the railway station Eten. Peruvian sculptor David Lozano, its construction dates from 1924, and was erected in honor of Commander Elias Aguirre, Chiclayo hero in the Battle of Angamos of 1879.
- Biblioteca Municipal José Eufemio Lora y Lora.- It has one of the best facilities of its kind in Peru. His collection is poor and outdated meagerly. No services such as Internet and multimedia. It has no branches (it takes four or five only in the district capital) and should give priority and investment plan. The collection should be of Entyre 50.000 to 90.000 titles, organized and constantly renewed.
Reference
- MUSEOS EN LAMBAYEQUE, MUSEOS EN LAMBAYEQUE. "MUSEOS EN LAMBAYEQUE". Lambayeque. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
- HISTORIA DE CHICLAYO|work=Lambayeque.net "Historia de Chiclayo". Lambayeque.net. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
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Catholic Catechism
Part Three: Life in Christ
Section Two: The Ten Commandments
Chapter Two: Fourth Commandment
Article 4:4 "The Family and the Kingdom"
CHAPTER TWO
YOU SHALL LOVE YOUR NEIGHBOR AS
YOURSELF
Jesus said to his disciples:
"Love one another even as I have loved you."1 Jn 13:34
2196
In response to the question about the first of the commandments, Jesus says:
"The first is, 'Hear, O Israel: the Lord our God, the Lord is one; and you
shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and
with all your mind, and with all your strength.' the second is this, 'You shall
love your neighbor as yourself.' There is no other commandment greater than
these."2 Mk 12:29-31; cf.
⇒ Deut 6:4-5; ⇒ Lev
19:18; ⇒ Mt 22:34-40;
⇒ Lk 10:25-28 The apostle St. Paul reminds us of this: "He who loves his neighbor has
fulfilled the law. the commandments, 'You shall not commit adultery, You shall
not kill, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,' and any other commandment,
are summed up in this sentence, 'You shall love your neighbor as yourself.'
Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the
law."3 Rom 13:8-10
ARTICLE 4
THE FOURTH COMMANDMENT
Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land which the Lord your God gives you.4 Ex 20:12; ⇒ Deut 5:16 He was obedient to them.5Lk 2:51 The Lord Jesus himself recalled the force of this "commandment of God."6 Mk 7:8-13 The Apostle teaches: "Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. 'Honor your father and mother,' (This is the first commandment with a promise.) 'that it may be well with you and that you may live long on the earth."'7 Eph 6:1-3; cf. ⇒ Deut 5:16
Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land which the Lord your God gives you.4 Ex 20:12; ⇒ Deut 5:16 He was obedient to them.5Lk 2:51 The Lord Jesus himself recalled the force of this "commandment of God."6 Mk 7:8-13 The Apostle teaches: "Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. 'Honor your father and mother,' (This is the first commandment with a promise.) 'that it may be well with you and that you may live long on the earth."'7 Eph 6:1-3; cf. ⇒ Deut 5:16
2197
The fourth commandment opens the second table of the Decalogue. It shows us the
order of charity. God has willed that, after him, we should honor our parents
to whom we owe life and who have handed on to us the knowledge of God. We are
obliged to honor and respect all those whom God, for our good, has vested with
his authority.
2198
This commandment is expressed in positive terms of duties to be fulfilled. It
introduces the subsequent commandments which are concerned with particular
respect for life, marriage, earthly goods, and speech. It constitutes one of the
foundations of the social doctrine of the Church.
2199
The fourth commandment is addressed expressly to children in their relationship
to their father and mother, because this relationship is the most universal. It
likewise concerns the ties of kinship between members of the extended family.
It requires honor, affection, and gratitude toward elders and ancestors.
Finally, it extends to the duties of pupils to teachers, employees to
employers, subordinates to leaders, citizens to their country, and to those who
administer or govern it. This commandment includes and presupposes the duties
of parents, instructors, teachers, leaders, magistrates, those who govern, all
who exercise authority over others or over a community of persons.
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Observing the fourth commandment brings its reward: "Honor your father and
your mother, that your days may be long in the land which the LORD your God
gives you."8 Ex 20:12;
⇒ Deut 5:16 Respecting this commandment provides, along with
spiritual fruits, temporal fruits of peace and prosperity. Conversely, failure
to observe it brings great harm to communities and to individuals.
V. The Family and the Kingdom
V. The Family and the Kingdom
2232
Family ties are important but not absolute. Just as the child grows to maturity
and human and spiritual autonomy, so his unique vocation which comes from God
asserts itself more clearly and forcefully. Parents should respect this call
and encourage their children to follow it. They must be convinced that the
first vocation of the Christian is to follow Jesus: "He who loves father
or mother more than me is not worthy of me; and he who loves son or daughter
more than me is not worthy of me."39
2233
Becoming a disciple of Jesus means accepting the invitation to belong to God's
family, to live in conformity with His way of life: "For whoever does the
will of my Father in heaven is my brother, and sister, and
mother."40
Parents should welcome and respect with joy and thanksgiving the Lord's call to one of their children to follow him in virginity for the sake of the Kingdom in the consecrated life or in priestly ministry.
Parents should welcome and respect with joy and thanksgiving the Lord's call to one of their children to follow him in virginity for the sake of the Kingdom in the consecrated life or in priestly ministry.
39 ⇒ Mt 10:37; cf.
⇒ 16:25.
40 ⇒ Mt 12:49.
40 ⇒ Mt 12:49.
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